Visual Flight Rules

القواعد البصرية للطيران

ANNEX 2, RULES OF THE AIR (9th Edition amendment 36) — Chapter 4: Visual Flight Rules

VFR flight shall not be operated:

  • Between sunset and sunrise.
  • Above FLIGHT LEVEL 150.
  • At transonic and supersonic speeds.

Except when necessary for taking-off or landing, a VFR flight shall not be flown:

  • Over the congested areas of cities, towns or settlements or over an open-air assembly of persons, at a height less than 300m (1000ft) above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600m from the aircraft.
  • Elsewhere, at a height less than 150m (500ft) above the ground or water.

VFR Minima within Damascus FIR

Airspace ClassFlight VisibilityDistance from CloudCeiling
Class B (CTR)8 km1500 m horizontal, 300 m (1000 ft) verticalN/A — ATC clearance required
Class D (TMA/CTR)5 km1500 m horizontal, 300 m (1000 ft) verticalN/A — ATC clearance required
Class G (uncontrolled)5 km (at or above 3050 m / 10,000 ft AMSL)1500 m horizontal, 300 m verticalN/A
Class G below 3050 m5 kmClear of cloud, surface in sightN/A

VFR Flight Requirements

RequirementDetailReference
Flight PlanRequired for VFR flights crossing FIR boundaries or entering controlled airspaceICAO Annex 2, 3.3
Speed Limit250 KIAS below FL100ICAO Annex 2, 3.1.2
Minimum Height500 ft above surface (non-congested); 1000 ft above highest obstacle within 600 m (congested)ICAO Annex 2, 4.6
Cruising LevelSemi-circular rule: odd thousands + 500 ft (000°-179°M), even thousands + 500 ft (180°-359°M)ICAO Annex 2, App 3
Night VFRNot permitted within Damascus FIRSyrian AIP GEN 1.6
TransponderMode A/C or Mode S required in all controlled airspaceENR 1.6